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''Urinetown: The Musical'' is a satirical comedy musical from 2001, with music by Mark Hollmann, lyrics by Hollmann and Greg Kotis, and book by Kotis.〔http://www.mtishows.com/show_detail.asp?showid=000280〕 It satirizes the legal system, capitalism, social irresponsibility, populism, bureaucracy, corporate mismanagement, and municipal politics. The show also parodies musicals such as ''The Threepenny Opera'', ''The Cradle Will Rock'' and ''Les Misérables'', and the Broadway musical itself as a form. The characters of Bobby Strong and Hope Cladwell were included on ''New York Theatre Monthlys list of "The 100 Greatest Roles in Musical Theatre". ==Productions== ''Urinetown'' debuted at the New York International Fringe Festival, and then was produced Off-Broadway at the American Theatre for Actors, from May 6, 2001 to June 25, 2001. The musical then opened on Broadway at Henry Miller's Theatre,〔Weber, Bruce. ("Review:Tough Love: Wicked Antics Taunt Showbiz" ). ''The New York Times'', May 7, 2001〕 running from September 20, 2001 through January 18, 2004, after 25 previews and 965 performances. It was directed by John Rando, and features music and lyrics by Mark Hollman, book and lyrics by Greg Kotis, and choreography by John Carrafa. The original cast included Hunter Foster (as Bobby Strong, later replaced by Tom Cavanagh), Jeff McCarthy (as Officer Lockstock), Nancy Opel (as Penelope Pennywise), John Cullum (as Caldwell B. Cladwell), Jennifer Laura Thompson (as Hope Cladwell), Spencer Kayden (as Little Sally), John Deyle (as Senator Fipp), and Ken Jennings (as Old Man Strong/Hot Blades Harry). Principal cast changes included James Barbour as Officer Lockstock, Carolee Carmello and Victoria Clark as Penelope Pennywise and Charles Shaughnessy as Caldwell B. Cladwell as well as Amy Spanger as Hope Cladwell. It was nominated for 10 Tony Awards and won three. A national tour starring Christiane Noll began in San Francisco, California on June 13, 2003.〔Jones, Kenneth.("Urinetown Tour Launches June 24 at San Fran's ACT With Holgate, Noll, Hewitt" ), June 24, 2003〕 A production began performances at Chicago's Mercury Theater in March 2006 and closed in May 2006,〔Pincus-Roth, Zachary.("Urinetown Broadway Team Accuses Two Regional Productions of Plagiarism" ), playbill.com, November 15, 2006〕 followed by New Line Theatre in St. Louis, MO in 2007. The characters of Officer Lockstock and Little Sally are featured in what has become a yearly tradition at the Broadway Cares/Equity Fights AIDS annual Gypsy of the Year benefit concert, in which the characters – portrayed by actors Jennifer Cody and Don Richard, both of whom understudied the roles in the original cast – perform a short comedy sketch making fun of current Broadway shows.〔Vargas, Robert.("Gypsy of the Year Skits Target Billy Elliot, Click Tracks, Megamixes and More" ), playbill.com, December 10, 2008〕 On 16 September 2013, it was announced the show would make its UK premiere in London on 11 March 2014, following previews at the St. James Theatre from 22 February 2014. Booking until 3 May, the show is directed by Jamie Lloyd, design by Soutra Gilmour, choreography by Ann Yee, lighting design by Adam Silverman, sound design by Terry Jardine and Nick Lidster with musical supervision by Alan Williams. The show transferred to the Apollo Theatre in September 2014, and the majority of the cast remained the same with the notable exception of leading man Bobby Strong played by Matthew Seadon-Young. The show closed on the West End on the 3rd January 2015. In 2015, a production of the show started in São Paulo, Brazil, performing at the Teatro do Nucleo Experimental, directed by Zé Henrique de Paula and starring Caio Salay as Bobby Strong, Bruna Guerin as Hope, Daniel Costa as Lockstock and Luciana Ramanzini as Little Sally. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Urinetown」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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